Module vs. Package?

Question

Whenever I do from 'x' import 'y' I was wondering which one is considered the 'module' and which is the 'package', and why it isn't the other way around?

Answer 1

A Python module is simply a Python source file, which can expose classes, functions and global variables.

When imported from another Python source file, the file name is treated as a namespace.

A Python package is simply a directory of Python module(s).

For example, imagine the following directory tree in /usr/lib/python/site-packages:

mypackage/__init__.py <-- this is what tells Python to treat this directory as a package
mypackage/mymodule.py

So then you would do:

import mypackage.mymodule

or

from mypackage.mymodule import myclass