According to the oracle docs, during shutdown, 3 steps are performed:
Is it possible to make only first 2 steps?
Yes, it's possible.
SQL> alter database close;
Database altered.
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;
OPEN_MODE
--------------------
MOUNTED
SQL> alter database dismount;
Database altered.
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;
select open_mode from v$database
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01507: database not mounted