Data checksums are a new feature introduced in 9.3, and:
there is a new GUC parameter "ignore_checksum_failure" which will force PostgreSQL to continue processing a transaction even if corruption is detected
In the event of a checksum failure on a replication master, will that corrupt data replicate to slaves or will replication halt. Does it depend on the setting of ignore_checksum_failure?
This README has some useful related information but doesn't directly answer the question.