What is the best way to "shatter" a water drop falling purely under gravity if the objective is to break it into as many droplets and as fine (smallest diameter) as possible? Should the surface be perpendicular to the direction of the falling drop? What would the best surface texture be: smooth, irregular, matt, wet or dry? What would be a typical droplet size distribution i.e., would some be in the micron size range? Would sizes similar to aerosol produced by spray nozzles and ionizers be at all possible?
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There is research on the impact of water droplets on deep liquids and solid surfaces.
It seems the most significant factor in the outcome of the collision and its rather short span, in the range of a few milliseconds, is the height of the drop then the droplet's initial size.
Here is one research with detailed diagrams and speed shutter photography. It explains the crown formation, dispersion, and electrical charges due to the use of different solutes as the liquid.
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kamran
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