Containers named SOMETHING_segments are probably the product of a large object upload. The term "large object" is a bit misleading; "segmented objects" would be more descriptive, but this feature is mostly used to store large objects, in particular larger than the object size limit of 5GB.
Since your container is named jobs_segments, I would normally assume that it contains the data of an object named jobs, not a container with this name. However, nothing prevents you from creating a container that has the same name as an object.
To answer the first question: If you delete jobs_segments, you lose the data of the jobs object. Better delete the jobs object rather that only its segments.
Second question: The jobs container is not directly related to jobs_segments.
Having said all this, you can create a container SOMETHING_segments and use it for something else than large objects. In the end, jobs_segments could be an ordinary container.